Daniel Gimenes

• Engenheiro de Software @ Maestrooo
• Sistemas de Informação @ UNISAL
• Open source contributor
• ❤ blockchains, smart contracts, cryptoeconomics...

@Danizord

Frameworks

They all suck

Rasmus Lerdorf

Frameworks

• Vêm acompanhados de decisões prematuras
• Adicionam overhead desnecessário
• Ficam no seu caminho
• Limitam o ecossistema
• Aumentam a curva de aprendizado
• Dificultam a evolução

Mhmm, e aí?

Frameworks fullstack?

nope

Microframeworks?

é... Mas e a interoperabilidade?

Componentes padronizados?

Yep!

Falando em padrões...

HTTP

SAPI

• $_GET
• $_POST
• $_SERVER
• $_FILES
• $_COOKIES
• fopen('php://input');
• header('HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found');
• header('Content-type: text/html');
• echo 'Not found';

PSR-7

• ServerRequestInterface
• ResponseInterface

Implementações PSR-7

• guzzlehttp/psr7
• symfony/psr-http-message-bridge
• slim/slim
• zendframework/zend-diactoros
• ...

SAPI <-> Zend\Diactoros

use Zend\Diactoros\Response\JsonResponse;            
use Zend\Diactoros\Response\SapiEmitter;
use Zend\Diactoros\ServerRequestFactory;

$request  = ServerRequestFactory::fromGlobals();
$response = new JsonResponse([
  'greeting' => 'Hello ' . $request->getQueryParams()['name']
]);

(new SapiEmitter())->emit($response);

Business logic

interface TodoServiceInterface
{
    public function addTodo(int $id, string $title): void;

    public function markTodoAsDone(int $id);
}

PSR-15: Server request handler

namespace Psr\Http\Server;

use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;

interface RequestHandlerInterface
{
    public function handle(
      ServerRequestInterface $request
    ): ResponseInterface;
}

AddTodo

final class AddTodo implements RequestHandlerInterface
{
  private $todoService;

  public function __construct(TodoServiceInterface $service)
  {
      $this->todoService = $todoService;
  }

  public function handle(ServerRequestInterface $request)
  {
    $data = $request->getParsedBody();

    $this->todoService->addTodo(
      $data['id'],
      $data['title']
    );

    return new JsonResponse(['message' => 'Todo added']);
  }
}

MarkTodoAsDone

final class MarkTodoAsDone implements RequestHandlerInterface
{
  // ... Dependency Injection ... //

  public function handle(ServerRequestInterface $request)
  {
    $data = $request->getParsedBody();

    $this->todoService->markTodoAsDone($data['id']);

    return new JsonResponse(['message' => 'Todo done']);
  }
}

Injeção de dependência

namespace Psr\Container;

interface ContainerInterface
{
    public function get(string $id): mixed;
    public function has(string $id): bool;
}

$ composer require psr/container

Injeção de dependência

• symfony/dependency-injection
• bitexpert/disco
• zendframework/zend-servicemanager
• php-di/php-di
• league/container
• ...

Configurando o container

• Symfony Flex
• Zend Component Installer

Refatorando

$container = new Container();
$handler = $container->get(AddTodo::class);

$request = ServerRequestFactory::fromGlobals();
$response = $handler->handle($request);

(new SapiEmitter())->emit($response);

• Tratamento de erros
• Roteamento
• Autenticação
• Controle de acesso
• Prevenção contra ataques
• Validação de entrada
• Tratamento de saída
• Controle de sessão
• Cache HTTP
• Log de acessos
• Negociação de conteúdo
• ...

Middlewares

PSR-15: Middleware

namespace Psr\Http\Server;

use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;

interface MiddlewareInterface
{
  public function process(
    ServerRequestInterface $request,
    RequestHandlerInterface $handler
  ): ResponseInterface;
}

Implementações middleware pipeline

• zendframework/zend-stratigility
• slim/slim
• mindplay/middleman
• middleland/dispatcher
• danizord/mid
• ...

Configurando rotas

// Configure routes
$router = new Router($container);

$router->post('/todos', AddTodo::class);
$router->post('/todos/{id}/done', MarkTodoAsDone::class);

Configurando pipeline

// Configure middleware pipeline              
$pipeline = new MiddlewarePipeline($container);

$pipeline->pipe(ErrorHandler::class);
$pipeline->pipe(Authentication::class);
$pipeline->pipe($router);
$pipeline->pipe(Authorization::class);
$pipeline->pipe(InputValidation::class);
$pipeline->pipe(RequestHandler::class);

Refatorando

$request = ServerRequestFactory::fromGlobals();
$response = $pipeline->handle($request);

(new SapiEmitter())->emit($response);

Bonus points

• Single Page App
• Firebase
• CQRS

Perguntas?!

Obrigado!

@Danizord